One of the most common yet poorly understood diseases of middle and old age. A disorder of bone metabolism in which bone mass decrease. Osteoporosis occurs in about one-forth of all elderly people affecting mostly women ages 50 - 70. This also occur when estrogen drop after menopausal and secondary to other disorder.

Risk Factors:

• Low sun exposure
• Alcohol and nicotine abuse
• High protein diets

• Insufficient physical activity
• Family History

Health Teaching (For women)

1. Eat balanced diet to ensure vitamin and mineral intake
2. Increased daily food sources of calcium to prevent or compensate for the bone loss.
3. Decrease fats and excess phosphorus intake to prevent calcium exertion.
4. Maintain adequate vitamin D intake to balance calcium and phosphorus.
5. Exercise regularly to strengthen bones.